PUBLICATIONS

Peer-reviewed SiPore® research.

Explore the scientific publications behind SiPore® Technology, spanning human clinical research, safety, mechanism studies and preclinical investigation. 9 peer-reviewed publications contribute to the scientific development and evaluation of SiPore®.

Journal pages and an engineered porous silica particle

FEATURED PUBLICATION · 2026 · HUMAN CLINICAL

The SHINE Trial

Baek J, et al.

Effect of engineered mesoporous silica particles with tailored pore size on glycaemic control in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SHINE trial

eClinicalMedicine. 2026;97:104042.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial · N=318

The publication reports the largest SiPore® clinical study conducted to date, evaluating engineered mesoporous silica in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.

eClinicalMedicine972026Original at eClinicalMedicine ↗

The publication reports the largest SiPore® clinical study conducted to date, evaluating engineered mesoporous silica in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.

Read the paper View study overview

PUBLICATION LIBRARY

All publications — newest first

YearPublicationResearch areaJournal

2026 · HUMAN CLINICAL

Clinical efficacy & safetyeClinicalMedicine

Details

Research question: Does engineered mesoporous silica with tailored pore size improve glycaemic control in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes compared with placebo?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL
Population / model: SHINE · Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled · N=318
Key takeaway: The largest SiPore® clinical study conducted to date, evaluating engineered mesoporous silica in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.
Full citation: Baek J, et al. Effect of engineered mesoporous silica particles with tailored pore size on glycaemic control in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SHINE t. eClinicalMedicine. 2026;97:104042.
External links: Read the paper /docs/shine-trial
Related SiPore® content: Original at eClinicalMedicine (DOI) ↗View study overview

2023 · MECHANISM / TRANSLATIONAL

Mesoporous Silica Particles Retain Their Structure and Function while Passing through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Mice and HumansIqbal MN, et al.ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesView publication

Gut-local behavior & particle integrityACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Details

Research question: Do mesoporous silica particles keep their structure and function while passing through the gastrointestinal tracts of mice and humans?
Study type: MECHANISM / TRANSLATIONAL
Population / model: Gut-local behavior & particle integrity
Key takeaway: The research investigated how mesoporous silica particles behave while passing through the gastrointestinal tract and provides evidence relevant to their gut-local, non-systemic behavior.
Full citation: Iqbal et al. Mesoporous Silica Particles Retain Their Structure and Function while Passing through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Mice and Humans. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c16710
Related SiPore® content: Explore Safety & Tolerability

2023 · MECHANISM / PRECLINICAL

Activity and Stability of Nanoconfined Alpha-Amylase in Mesoporous SilicaIqbal MN, et al.ACS Materials AuView publication

Mode of action / enzyme entrapmentACS Materials Au

Details

Research question: How active and stable is the digestive enzyme alpha-amylase when it is confined within the pores of mesoporous silica?
Study type: MECHANISM / PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Mode of action / enzyme entrapment
Key takeaway: The study investigated alpha-amylase within mesoporous silica pores and supports the physical enzyme-entrapment mechanism.
Full citation: Iqbal et al. Activity and Stability of Nanoconfined Alpha-Amylase in Mesoporous Silica. ACS Materials Au.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00028
Related SiPore® content: Explore Technology

2022 · HUMAN CLINICAL

Engineered mesoporous silica reduces long-term blood glucose, HbA1c, and improves metabolic parameters in prediabeticsBaek J, et al.NanomedicineView publication

Human clinical / metabolic outcomesNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: What effect does engineered mesoporous silica have on long-term blood glucose, HbA1c and other metabolic parameters in individuals with prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL
Population / model: STAR · Proof-of-concept clinical study · N=43
Key takeaway: The STAR publication reports human clinical research in individuals with prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Full citation: Baek J, et al. Engineered mesoporous silica reduces long-term blood glucose, HbA1c, and improves metabolic parameters in prediabetics. Nanomedicine. 17(1):9-22.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2021-0235
Related SiPore® content: View study overview

2022 · PRECLINICAL

Towards mesoporous silica as a pharmaceutical treatment for obesity - impact on lipid digestion and absorptionMay KL, et al.Eur J Pharm BiopharmView publication

Lipase & lipid digestionEur J Pharm Biopharm

Details

Research question: How does mesoporous silica affect lipase activity, lipid digestion and fat absorption as a possible approach to obesity treatment?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Lipase & lipid digestion
Key takeaway: Evidence from this preclinical research investigated lipase adsorption, lipid digestion and fat uptake in animal models.
Full citation: May KL, et al. Towards mesoporous silica as a pharmaceutical treatment for obesity - impact on lipid digestion and absorption. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 173:1-11.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.001
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

2020 · HUMAN CLINICAL / MECHANISM

Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in HumansWaara ER, et al.Advanced Healthcare MaterialsView publication

Human clinical / mechanismAdvanced Healthcare Materials

Details

Research question: Can engineered mesoporous silica particles entrap digestive enzymes in humans, and how does this relate to metabolic risk factors?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL / MECHANISM
Population / model: First-in-Man research program · N=20
Key takeaway: This paper reports metabolic and mechanism findings from the First-in-Man research program, including investigation of digestive-enzyme entrapment.
Full citation: Waara ER, et al. Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in Humans. Advanced Healthcare Materials. 9(11):e2000057.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202000057
Related SiPore® content: Explore Technology

2020 · HUMAN SAFETY

Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humansHagman E, et al.PLOS ONEView publication

Human safety & tolerabilityPLOS ONE

Details

Research question: Is oral intake of mesoporous silica safe and well tolerated in healthy men?
Study type: HUMAN SAFETY
Population / model: First-in-Man · Dedicated human safety and tolerability study · N=20
Key takeaway: An early human evaluation focused specifically on the safety and tolerability of oral mesoporous silica.
Full citation: Hagman E, et al. Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humans. PLOS ONE. 15(10).
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240030
Related SiPore® content: Explore Safety & Tolerability

2020 · PRECLINICAL

Mesoporous silica with precisely controlled pores reduces food efficiency and suppresses weight gain in miceRinde M, et al.NanomedicineView publication

Engineered pores & animal metabolismNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: How does a precisely controlled pore structure in mesoporous silica influence food efficiency, weight gain and fat accumulation in mice?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Engineered pore structure & animal metabolism
Key takeaway: The animal research investigated how precisely controlled pore structure influenced nutrient utilization, body weight and fat accumulation.
Full citation: Rinde M, et al. Mesoporous silica with precisely controlled pores reduces food efficiency and suppresses weight gain in mice. Nanomedicine. 15(2):131-144.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0262
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

2014 · PRECLINICAL

Large pore mesoporous silica induced weight loss in obese miceKupferschmidt N, et al.Nanomedicine (Lond)View publication

Early preclinical metabolic researchNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: What are the metabolic effects of large-pore mesoporous silica in obese mice?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Early preclinical metabolic research
Key takeaway: An early SiPore®-related animal study investigating the metabolic effects of large-pore mesoporous silica.
Full citation: Kupferschmidt N, et al. Large pore mesoporous silica induced weight loss in obese mice. Nanomedicine (London). 9(9):1353-1362.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm.13.138
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

HUMAN CLINICAL PUBLICATIONS

Four peer-reviewed papers.

There are four peer-reviewed human clinical papers in the current publication set. Two papers originate from the same First-in-Man study, so the number of publications should not be confused with the number of separate clinical trials.

YearPublicationResearch areaJournal

2026 · HUMAN CLINICAL

Clinical efficacy & safetyeClinicalMedicine

Details

Research question: Does engineered mesoporous silica with tailored pore size improve glycaemic control in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes compared with placebo?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL
Population / model: SHINE · Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled · N=318
Key takeaway: The largest SiPore® clinical study conducted to date, evaluating engineered mesoporous silica in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes.
Full citation: Baek J, et al. Effect of engineered mesoporous silica particles with tailored pore size on glycaemic control in individuals with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled SHINE t. eClinicalMedicine. 2026;97:104042.
External links: Read the paper /docs/shine-trial
Related SiPore® content: Original at eClinicalMedicine (DOI) ↗View study overview

2022 · HUMAN CLINICAL

Engineered mesoporous silica reduces long-term blood glucose, HbA1c, and improves metabolic parameters in prediabeticsBaek J, et al.NanomedicineView publication

Human clinical / metabolic outcomesNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: What effect does engineered mesoporous silica have on long-term blood glucose, HbA1c and other metabolic parameters in individuals with prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL
Population / model: STAR · Proof-of-concept clinical study · N=43
Key takeaway: The STAR publication reports human clinical research in individuals with prediabetes or newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.
Full citation: Baek J, et al. Engineered mesoporous silica reduces long-term blood glucose, HbA1c, and improves metabolic parameters in prediabetics. Nanomedicine. 17(1):9-22.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2021-0235
Related SiPore® content: View study overview

2020 · HUMAN CLINICAL / MECHANISM

Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in HumansWaara ER, et al.Advanced Healthcare MaterialsView publication

Human clinical / mechanismAdvanced Healthcare Materials

Details

Research question: Can engineered mesoporous silica particles entrap digestive enzymes in humans, and how does this relate to metabolic risk factors?
Study type: HUMAN CLINICAL / MECHANISM
Population / model: First-in-Man research program · N=20
Key takeaway: This paper reports metabolic and mechanism findings from the First-in-Man research program, including investigation of digestive-enzyme entrapment.
Full citation: Waara ER, et al. Entrapping Digestive Enzymes with Engineered Mesoporous Silica Particles Reduces Metabolic Risk Factors in Humans. Advanced Healthcare Materials. 9(11):e2000057.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1002/adhm.202000057
Related SiPore® content: Explore Technology

2020 · HUMAN SAFETY

Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humansHagman E, et al.PLOS ONEView publication

Human safety & tolerabilityPLOS ONE

Details

Research question: Is oral intake of mesoporous silica safe and well tolerated in healthy men?
Study type: HUMAN SAFETY
Population / model: First-in-Man · Dedicated human safety and tolerability study · N=20
Key takeaway: An early human evaluation focused specifically on the safety and tolerability of oral mesoporous silica.
Full citation: Hagman E, et al. Oral intake of mesoporous silica is safe and well tolerated in male humans. PLOS ONE. 15(10).
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0240030
Related SiPore® content: Explore Safety & Tolerability

MECHANISM & PRECLINICAL PUBLICATIONS

Five peer-reviewed papers spanning 2014-2023.

The published preclinical and mechanism literature covers gut-local particle behavior, enzyme entrapment, lipid digestion and animal metabolic research.

YearPublicationResearch areaJournal

2023 · MECHANISM / TRANSLATIONAL

Mesoporous Silica Particles Retain Their Structure and Function while Passing through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Mice and HumansIqbal et al.ACS Applied Materials & InterfacesView publication

Gut-local behavior & particle integrityACS Applied Materials & Interfaces

Details

Research question: Do mesoporous silica particles keep their structure and function while passing through the gastrointestinal tracts of mice and humans?
Study type: MECHANISM / TRANSLATIONAL
Population / model: Gut-local behavior & particle integrity
Key takeaway: The research investigated how mesoporous silica particles behave while passing through the gastrointestinal tract and provides evidence relevant to their gut-local, non-systemic behavior.
Full citation: Iqbal et al. Mesoporous Silica Particles Retain Their Structure and Function while Passing through the Gastrointestinal Tracts of Mice and Humans. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1021/acsami.2c16710
Related SiPore® content: Explore Safety & Tolerability

2023 · MECHANISM / PRECLINICAL

Activity and Stability of Nanoconfined Alpha-Amylase in Mesoporous SilicaIqbal et al.ACS Materials AuView publication

Mode of action / enzyme entrapmentACS Materials Au

Details

Research question: How active and stable is the digestive enzyme alpha-amylase when it is confined within the pores of mesoporous silica?
Study type: MECHANISM / PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Mode of action / enzyme entrapment
Key takeaway: The study investigated alpha-amylase within mesoporous silica pores and supports the physical enzyme-entrapment mechanism.
Full citation: Iqbal et al. Activity and Stability of Nanoconfined Alpha-Amylase in Mesoporous Silica. ACS Materials Au.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1021/acsmaterialsau.3c00028
Related SiPore® content: Explore Technology

2022 · PRECLINICAL

Towards mesoporous silica as a pharmaceutical treatment for obesity - impact on lipid digestion and absorptionMay KL, et al.Eur J Pharm BiopharmView publication

Lipase & lipid digestionEur J Pharm Biopharm

Details

Research question: How does mesoporous silica affect lipase activity, lipid digestion and fat absorption as a possible approach to obesity treatment?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Lipase & lipid digestion
Key takeaway: Evidence from this preclinical research investigated lipase adsorption, lipid digestion and fat uptake in animal models.
Full citation: May KL, et al. Towards mesoporous silica as a pharmaceutical treatment for obesity - impact on lipid digestion and absorption. European Journal of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics. 173:1-11.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.1016/j.ejpb.2022.02.001
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

2020 · PRECLINICAL

Mesoporous silica with precisely controlled pores reduces food efficiency and suppresses weight gain in miceRinde M, et al.NanomedicineView publication

Engineered pores & animal metabolismNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: How does a precisely controlled pore structure in mesoporous silica influence food efficiency, weight gain and fat accumulation in mice?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Engineered pore structure & animal metabolism
Key takeaway: The animal research investigated how precisely controlled pore structure influenced nutrient utilization, body weight and fat accumulation.
Full citation: Rinde M, et al. Mesoporous silica with precisely controlled pores reduces food efficiency and suppresses weight gain in mice. Nanomedicine. 15(2):131-144.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm-2019-0262
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

2014 · PRECLINICAL

Large pore mesoporous silica induced weight loss in obese miceKupferschmidt N, et al.Nanomedicine (Lond)View publication

Early preclinical metabolic researchNanomedicine (Lond)

Details

Research question: What are the metabolic effects of large-pore mesoporous silica in obese mice?
Study type: PRECLINICAL
Population / model: Early preclinical metabolic research
Key takeaway: An early SiPore®-related animal study investigating the metabolic effects of large-pore mesoporous silica.
Full citation: Kupferschmidt N, et al. Large pore mesoporous silica induced weight loss in obese mice. Nanomedicine (London). 9(9):1353-1362.
External links: View publication doi.org/10.2217/nnm.13.138
Related SiPore® content: View preclinical evidence

PUBLICATIONS & THE RESEARCH PROGRAM

Not every study is a publication.

Not every study in the SiPore® research program has been published in a peer-reviewed journal.

SiPore®’s research program includes both peer-reviewed published research and additional controlled studies documented through internal clinical study reports. This Publications library includes peer-reviewed scientific papers only. For the broader evidence program - including clinical studies that have not yet been published in a journal - visit Research & Evidence.

Explore Research & Evidence

9 publications across more than a decade of research.

9 PEER-REVIEWED PUBLICATIONS

The peer-reviewed SiPore® literature spans:

Human clinical evaluation Safety & tolerability Digestive-enzyme mechanism Gut-local particle behavior Carbohydrate and lipid digestion Preclinical metabolic research

View all 9 publications ↑

RELATED SCIENCE

Continue exploring the evidence.

RESEARCH & EVIDENCESee how published research fits into the broader SiPore® evidence program.Includes clinical studies, real-world evidence, consumer studies and preclinical research.Explore SAFETY & TOLERABILITYExplore the human and mechanistic evidence behind SiPore®’s safety and tolerability.Gut-local action, clinical tolerability and safety research.Explore SCIENTIFIC FAQFind clear answers to common questions about the science.A practical route for consumers, HCPs, partners, journalists and AI/search systems.Explore TECHNOLOGYUnderstand the mechanism behind the research.How SiPore® works locally in the gut to make digestion more gradual.Explore